1. Introduction

A comprehensive study on burglar alarms used for home security was undertaken by considering different criteria. During this process, typical residential threats were evaluated. The study area was broadened by including the best-selling burglar alarm brands and models on the market, together with the common types of sensors used. The latest information was gathered and included, as burglary statistics were established to display the significance of residential burglary within the criminological sphere.

In conclusion, the study presents general information on intruder alarm systems, providing a background for the development of the concept of home burglar alarms, where alarm systems are utilized for residential security instead of the conventional use as security for businesses and industries. The general design process of intrusion detection and notification is discussed, whilst the key features of the sensors and detectors are reviewed. According to the forensic case study, the most common form of security devices used within home security systems were burglar alarms that had been professionally installed. Home security is of great importance to many householders, and protective devices are utilized in our homes on a daily basis to provide peace of mind. Knowing which systems were tested for a variety of purposes, including energy efficiency and comfort, would cement the need for burglar alarm research within home security.

1.1. Background and Importance

Home burglar alarm systems, also known as intrusion detection systems, are widely used for home protection due to their effectiveness, reliability, and relatively inexpensive cost. As the number of residential burglary and home invasion crimes is increasing, home security concerns have attracted much attention from homeowners.

According to a U.S. Department of Justice report, on average, a burglary victim loses far more than either a corruption or larceny victim. Also, in a home without an alarm system, the percentage of burglaries that occur is three times higher than in a home with an alarm system. According to industry reports, with the increasing number of crimes and the awareness of homeowners about security solutions, the residential market is expected to grow at an annual growth rate of 9.3 percent and reach $17 billion in annual revenues in 2017. The US is the largest residential security market and contributes to growth with 20 million new residential homes built and another 40 million bought in existing homes having security solutions in the US.

There are also projected to be another 70 million additional homes with active security systems installed by 2017. The increasing number of DIY security solutions and home automation systems plays a major role in the growth of the residential security market. Many of the proposed solutions are not user-friendly and not suitable for power loss or interruption scenarios, and not reconfigurable for a different alarm condition. Thus, to protect homes and residential properties from burglary and theft, alarm systems are commonly used as an essential component of home security solutions.

awtad Security System is one of the leading distributors of anti-theft alarm systems in the market, offering innovative and reliable solutions that meet the needs of all establishments, homes, villas, palaces, and other places requiring anti-theft alarms. The company has a strong reputation for providing high-quality and reliable anti-theft alarm systems, making it a popular choice among institutions across the country. Additionally, the company excels in providing advanced anti-theft alarm systems that operate efficiently and meet the requirements of all places needing protection against theft.

Owtad Security System offers a wide range of services that meet the diverse needs of its customers in Saudi Arabia. These services include supplying, installing, operating, and regularly maintaining security and protection systems. They also provide specialized consulting services to assess security risks and design necessary security strategies according to customers' needs. The services also include training and qualification in the use of security and protection systems, in addition to offering 24/7 technical support to ensure the continuous and efficient operation of security measures.

1.2. Purpose and Scope of the Study

1.2. Purpose of the Study

The purpose of this comprehensive study is to explain the control design of a complete burglar alarm system. It will cover the descriptions of various components used, such as seismometer, bug detection systems, RF Bug Sensors, Fibre-optic cable seismic sensors, motion detectors and glass-break detectors, sirens, auto-dialler, dummy and real alarm. In section 2, the objectives, requirements, and possible problems of this alarm system are mentioned. In section 3, the different aspects of systems and their applications in the field are reviewed. In section 4, design specifications for the various units and their combined systems are provided. In section 5, the different stages of the systems are concluded along with their testing.

1.3. Scope of the Study

The scope of this comprehensive study includes the analyses, design, and protection of ultra-modern security systems for the house. These tools and equipment used can be made so that they can ensure full protection, can individually detect the alarm situation in the home premises or offices, enable/disable user-specified areas protection. An indication of an intruder to the burglar alarm system can be by breaking the electromechanical barrier or any seismometer sensors so as to raise an audible alarm which is connected to a network of electronic sensors. These alarm systems can prevent theft, destruction of property by fire, and death caused by carbon monoxide poisoning. Moreover, a professionally installed alarm system can lower a homeowner's annual homeowner's insurance premiums. This study focuses more on an alarm system installed on home premises. The following are excluded from our study: i. Systems that protect a large area like an industrial complex or office block. ii. Purpose-designed barrier intrusion systems such as fences, blast walls, or vehicle barriers.

2. History of Burglar Alarm Systems

Burglar alarm systems are used to secure our homes and alert others about any intrusion. This kind of work is very important for people who spend most of their time away from home. But if those types of facilities are not installed in their homes, they easily get worried. By using detectors, we can easily understand what is happening inside and outside the home. The first residential applications were those that could alert the homeowner to an intrusion after it had occurred, or a "post-event" system. These consisted of simple shaker bells and belts, proximity switches, and ironclad windows included in dwelling construction, and later photoelectric beam systems. The Howard Radioalarm had a flashing light and a family inside who heard the sound of the siren.

Questions regarding the market potential for burglar alarms began to arise. History: The initial alarms were intended to notify the people living in the home. These alarms were primarily of a protective signaling nature and lacked any active protection capability. When an alarm happened, it was assumed that the perpetrator would be scared and run away. These pomp and circumstance alarms were some of the first residential security systems on the market. The industry has been evolving ever since. The modern residential system was in the late 1960s and the 1970s when new technologies allowed for the party line alarms to become direct-connected or "central-station" systems. These systems could then catch criminals more effectively in the act.

2.1. Early Developments

The first burglar alarm systems were pretty simple. Among these early developments, we could mention mechanical alarms that relied on a series of levers, weights, and gears to warn homeowners if a door, window, or cabinet was opened. One of the earliest and simplest styles of a burglar alarm has been the bell placed on a doorknob. The bell was suspended on the doorknob by a clam arm, to which a clock-like alarm was attached. There was also a relatively simply designed electrical solenoid that was used as a door or window alarm.

Pieces of nickel-silver, a metal of moderate electrical conductivity and moderate tensile strength, were spot-welded where the sashes met, top and bottom. The alarm was energized from the 110-volt AC house circuit. When the window was opened, the metal of the window lifting, by contacting one or two contacts, completed the 110-volt circuit through the alarm bell. Non-switch based alarm function has occurred with the advent of central office monitoring burglar alarm systems in which electric current was maintained through the alarm circuit at the large central office, i.e. the master panel described. Although it was a central station alarm, this early system was accompanied by a "local gong". In a typically complex manually configured installation, an infinite number of impeders with guard gates could be somewhat interchanged, and each employed close to an infinite number of custom arrangements.

2.2. Technological Advancements

Burglar alarm systems have advanced across many facets over the years. In the early days prior to the 1980s, alarm systems offered only simple contact break detection. On the completion of a contact loop break, the alarm was sounded and a signal may have been sent to a monitoring station for possible dispatch. With the advancements in contact break detection, active infrared technology was developed, which acts like an invisible fence around a home, protecting a perimeter. While contact and active intruder counts and burglar alarms significantly reduced this time, one flaw remained: delay times.

Fail safes were developed in an attempt to reduce the false alarm rate of these systems. Motion detection technologies, such as passive infrared (PIR) sensors, followed these developments and offered the inside protected area functionality of recording the entry of an intruder for residential and commercial buildings. Aspects of reliable sensing have over time turned into communication as these systems now communicate back to a central station, typically providing 24/7/365 monitoring service. In addition to these communications, notifications via mobile phone have become commonplace. With the most recent advancements in sensor, computer, and networks, intelligent systems have emerged for supporting comfort in homes, hotels, shopping malls, and workplaces.

3. Types of Burglar Alarm Systems

A burglar alarm system is designed to detect and notify the presence of an intruder and to provide a number of different functions. It is mainly composed of sensors, control panel, and alarm. According to different standards and composition, there are various classifications of burglar alarm systems. From the point of the sensor-triggered content, the burglar alarm systems can be divided into: glass-breaking burglar alarm system, infrared burglar alarm system, photoelectric burglar alarm system, ultrasonic burglar alarm system, electronic burglar alarm system, electric rail burglar alarm system, security removable control equipment, vibration burglar alarm system, sound and light burglar alarm system, video burglar alarm system, gas burglar alarm system, etc. From the point of the alarm system triggers, we can have the antitheft alarm system of the doors, windows, and other forms, and we also classify different systems according to their use such as house anti-theft alarm system, car anti-theft alarm system, and so on.

There are different types of home burglar alarm systems according to the different factors. Under the guiding mechanism of the sensor, we can have the following possibilities: glass-breaking burglar alarm system using the difference of the glass breaking instantaneous elastic wave and the sound frequency when the glass is being broken, current impulse-based burglar alarm with sensitivity, gas burglar alarm system with utilizing the change of the physical and chemical detection of the gas, radar burglar alarm system with the variation of the electromagnetic wave, etc. From the point of the structural design of the burglar alarm system, there are mainly two types of structural design, including the wired system and the wireless system. According to whether there is connection with the monitoring center, the burglar alarm systems can be classified into the monitored burglar alarm system and unmonitored burglar alarm system.

3.1. Wired Systems

Wired home burglar alarm systems connect the sensors to the control panel of a wired home burglar alarm system via low-voltage hardwire. Most hardwired home burglar alarm systems have an automatic battery backup and a battery monitoring system (a small diagnostic tool wired into the system that displays the battery life of the system) in case the power goes out and the wiring is disconnected. Wired home burglar alarm systems send electrical signals directly from the initiating device (motion detectors, window, and door contacts, etc.) to the control panels.

When the control panel activates the alarm, it also disconnects the house's power to the home burglar alarm siren. It sends its alarm signal across the phone line to a monitoring station and triggers the home burglar alarm siren to sound. In a wired home burglar alarm system, all the component devices generally are connected to the control panel with a bundle of wires within the walls and floor. In an addressable system, each alarm device may contain its own fire alarm address, which allows the exact location of the device to be displayed on the central control panel. Addressable alarm systems are more sophisticated than traditional, non-addressable systems. Many modern alarm systems incorporate a series of alarms throughout a building. These are wired alarm systems. Addressable alarm systems can also be wired by using an addressable module to convert the device to a series of alarm systems.

3.2. Wireless Systems

Intelligent Burglar Alarm Systems

3. Comprehensive Study

3.2. Wireless Systems

Wireless home security systems' primary difference to their wired counterparts is the absence of cabled connections between devices. Permanently connected wire-free, their wireless features cite higher distances in connectivity ranges and, as per the most advanced wireless systems, the ability to reach redundancies and source multiple route options for particular signals from transmitters to a receiver, encouraging even more stable communications. Further functions from a majority of wire-free alarms include multiple site surveillance, mobile telephone cooperation, application-based management, and partial facility settings. These systems are operated with lithium batteries rated per system, offering 'Exit' delay timers for setting upon leaving one's residence.

As per advantages, wireless alarm systems possess a more pleasing aesthetic, offering a tidier home appearance for users who may believe wires to look unsightly in certain environments. Their wireless feature also allows cover for both internal and external environments, lightening domestic and commercial systems in numerous real-life applications. A showroom could have internal passive infrared sensors (PIRs) for nighttime coverage. A pet immune PIR installed in an office space, used now as staff accommodation, not receiving the 2.30 AM late-night alarm activation response possible from a nearby street that the display unit inside may earn and cause network unimpressed clients. A wire-free alarm system has an amazing amount of industrial applications not yet shown, from mobile advertising trucks, farming, and national grid operations that constantly need regular anti-theft and security measures to ensure their insurances. The DIY importance clearly shows the ease of wire-free bell-only operation.

3.3. Monitored vs. Unmonitored Systems

3.3.1. Monitored Systems

Monitored home alarm systems are rapidly becoming more and more popular. Essentially, monitored alarm systems are characterized by the presence of a certified monitoring center, which makes certain to enter directly into contact with homeowners in the event that their alarm systems go off. There are two primary benefits tied to monitored systems, especially in the area of home security that they offer. First, monitored systems provide homeowners with a substantial sense of comfort, given the assurance that their homes are constantly being checked up on in times of crisis. The other benefit is the fact that, in the situation an alarm system goes off, a certified dispatcher automatically contacts the homeowner in an effort to determine if a false alarm occurred. An interrupting alarm is deactivated in the event of a false alarm, and a police-verified break-in or crisis caller is immediately connected to the appropriate authorities using the homeowner's pre-determined contact information. This results in extremely quick response times. This is extremely useful, especially for those who may have neglected or forgotten that their alarm systems are activated.

3.3.2. Unmonitored Systems

Conversely, most home security alarm systems used today tend to be unmonitored. Almost 70% of all alarm systems are unmonitored. Though the vast majority of wired alarm systems were originally sold with the feature of being a monitored system, over time, homeowners have been allowed to continue with the protection of their properties even if they choose not to pay the monthly monitoring fees as wireless security systems continued to emerge. This has elevated the life of a burglar alarm system from 6 years to 20 years. Under the moniker of unmonitored alarm systems, there are several elements to this type of burglar alarm that warrant consideration.

Unmonitored systems are entirely designed to make as much noise as feasible. If a monitored alarm system is connected to a licensed monitoring center that alerts the proprietor and connects with the authorities in the event of a break-in, the homeowner is alerted to any potential break-in attempt via fresh noise. Once set, doors and windows are linked together to guarantee an intruder isn't any spot in the premises. Should a break-in occur due to the disabled of one of the perimeter alarm gadgets (e.g., doors or windows), a monitored/unmonitored system often offers a more expansive level of coverage.

4. Components of a Home Burglar Alarm System

The main components of a home burglar alarm system are the following:

Control Panel: At the heart of the burglar alarm system is the control panel. It is connected to the different components of the system using low-voltage wiring, and there is an advanced control panel with continuous monitoring and different alert types. It is an important component that arms and disarms the security system and communicates with each of the installed components such as motion detectors, door sensors, etc. If the alarm is triggered, the control panel also sends a signal to the monitoring center. The panel requires a battery backup to continue proper function even during a power outage.

Sensors: The second component of a home burglar alarm system is the sensors. The main sensors are installed in the following areas: at entrances to the house as well as on bottom-of-the-home floor windows, where statistics show that burglars primarily enter the home. They are infrared motion detectors that catch any motion in the belongings and trigger to a sensing circuit which further turns on the alarm. Some advanced devices are also equipped with sensors for sudden motion, hearing glass breaking, and heat and cold indicators. The control system can be programmed to allow the house owner to temporarily deactivate the sensor during a walk when he/she anticipates that all family members will return a little later. If the thief tries to open the window, they can trigger the sound again. The warning comes and the thief retreats. Signals from the security system can be communicated directly to police. More advanced wireless burglar alarms go further than the conventional systems, offering a variety of detection techniques which not only notify of probable dangers but can deter theft, are quick and easy to install, and require little to no maintenance. Wireless intruder alarms offer a great deal of flexibility and can be integrated with an increasing range of other security features, such as CCTV systems and panic alarms. The same system can be easily expanded or modified at a later time; installing additional equipment when necessary and ensuring it is future proof for the expanding and evolving security needs of the homeowner.

4.1. Control Panel

Almost all of the control panels offered today have taken advantage of the swift progress made in digital and computer technology. Prior to this, most control panels had complex circuitry designs that were expensive to produce. As advancements in digital technology became more sophisticated and software that is developed for mass production became more interchangeable, the actual, physical part of the control panel became significantly less complex. Instead of using hundreds of individual components soldered to circuit boards, microprocessors essentially brought the printed circuit board and the majority of interconnecting cabling into a small 4XB microprocessor chip. In order to gain sufficient processing power to monitor zones, communicate with outgoing lines 1 or 2, and coordinate output devices, resident inside of the microprocessor chip is its processing unit and accompanying instructions which are known as firmware. The microprocessor has been programmed with numerous features and options that are not provided on the older LED control panels, so that users can implement their own custom programming. Approximately all systems that are for sale today are made to propagate or exhibit messages and voice through a speaker, and many control panels come equipped with a microphone. On panels with digital voice transmission, uncompressed digital voice is stored directly on the flash memory of the microprocessor. In contrast, with many panels that use residential alarm companies, compressed digital voice resides in the programmed into the microprocessor. Some home automation commands might be given to the control panel from remote control units or from another control module on the alarm system.

4.2. Sensors

Home burglar alarm systems are composed of diverse types of sensors and protection devices to detect and report against the nature of the attack. The different applications and actions which are already done for protecting the buildings from unwanted access or man-in-the-middle attack are elaborated and summarized in this section. Detailed explanation and forcefulness of intrusion detection sensors are presented in this section. Windows, glasses, balconies, and doors are simple points of the attack in a building. It is hard to notice how the attacker can break a small piece of glass and enter the building. To identify the attacker's entry into the building, a glass-break sensor, windows detector, vibration sensor, or infrared motion detector (IRED) devices are installed.

Environmental sensors are used to report non-criminal malicious activities, such as fire, gas leaks, flooding, temperature variations, etc. Catastrophic loss is avoided when the building's indoor panel identifies any environmental pollution happening at a time and takes an early reaction by triggering the fire protection and ventilation systems. A residential security system plays a crucial defensive part across smart home surveillance scenarios. A residential security framework consists of a wide variety of sensors that conduct detection and monitoring activities. The above-given sensors are categorized mainly into two categories, such as intrusion detection sensors and environmental detection sensors. In which, the monitoring sensor signals the security control panel of security risks and is responsible for environmental activities. The main classification of sensors and their key roles is presented and discussed in this section.

4.3. Alarms and Sirens

When an open entry occurs and an electronic alarm unit has detected the event, there must be something to awaken the user from a deep sleep or to alert the neighbor that there has been an intruder or kidnapping unless the goal is to make a silent "screamer." Even if the sirens are disconnected, there must be annunciation in the house to awaken the inhabitants. The primary component of the annunciation is the alarm or control panel itself. The number size of LEDs, speaker, siren drivers, and standard sirens themselves is also controlled in small part by the designer of the system. The features the panel has can affect the size of the panel and the jewel access modules that are allowed for use with each panel. The annunciation system must be self-testing and go dormant after a few minutes. The maximum time a siren can sound before harmful levels are reached for the occupants must be determined. If the alarms are constantly going off, care must also be taken as to not damage the ears of the residents. The siren drivers and sirens are generally outside the system proper.

Ultrasound transducers can be used at the border of a property line, and the homeowner can hear and triangulate the contacts. It is further advantageous that they can do this without the neighbors disturbing the reception of the signal. The animal systems for exterior security are similar, as the panoramic security system of solar-powered boxes that could use ultrasound sentry signals to guard a guardhouse and could provide virtual presence or be activated by the guards (ignoring birds, bugs, frogs, etc.). Once the sirens are sounded, persons who are not authorized should scatter or look to see where the police will arrive. An alarm could be used to indicate an attack (e.g., police arriving) or to attract the police to an intentional border crossing. Alarms by themselves can act as wailing wreck sirens with the luminance of strobes. Those that attack from many points in the border of the homeland and as an escalating response to electronic warfare are very difficult to detect. Thus, the problem is twofold. Notifications can be made at any time and can be connected to the Command, Control, and Intelligence Watch.

5. Choosing the Right System for Your Home

Selecting the perfect home security system is dependent on essential factors such as the size of your home, the type of community you reside in, what areas of the home are prone to break-ins, your budget, and whether you want professional monitoring or self-monitoring. Compare camera types as well as their differences in video quality, battery life, storage, field of view, and security. Think about what elements are important for you given the specific feature set of the cameras you are comparing. Select the best home security system after comparing features, pricing, and ratings side by side.

The best home security system for you varies based on you and your desires. There are several factors to consider when contemplating home security systems for your home, including:

Your location: This is one of the biggest considerations in selecting a burglar alarm system for a home. In the same neighborhood, one family might feel the need for just a couple of sensors for a home while another might decide to go all out and connect their entire home with a smart alarm system.

Size of your home: More sensor resources will usually be needed to monitor an individual's larger home compared to another person's small apartment.

Budget: The biggest deterrent from installing a comprehensive home security system is often the cost. In order to secure their homes, our research shows that fewer than half of American homeowners have also bought a home security system. Consider factors like up-front pricing, maintenance charges, any costs related to possible alerts, and hidden fees when choosing your home security system.

5.1. Assessment of Home Security Needs

6. Assessment of home security needs

When you are designing or upgrading a security system for a house or apartment, it is best to take a systematic approach to finding out what security requirements are actually necessary. A security requirement with a high level of protection must be prioritized, while a security requirement with a low level of protection may be less important.

After the list of real security requirements of the home area is complete, assess how to meet them with security systems, locks, safety glass, etc. A structured approach allows family members to assess their needs in their homes. Even if an individual is assessing their home security needs, the local crime prevention officer can be helpful. The local constable can also be helpful in answering queries, and a locksmith can be employed to review door and window locks. It is better to ask the locksmith ahead of time how much and what type of charging will be done for this service. Locksmiths are a good source of details about locks.

We strongly recommend these tools for evaluating security requirements and the tools in Table 5 for evaluating security systems. They can also be used for selecting a warning plant or control system that is suitable for a host in residential repairs as a structured approach. It is worth noting that, in many cases, a number of protective actions may be necessary to achieve a single essential security requirement. In homes, it can occur with silos or bags; a strikingly flat warning framework or some economic one is the key to a Warrnambool; solid locks and a warning light will be shown instead. In some circumstances, however, individual security systems can meet the necessary security criteria. We think a structured approach is also being used to evaluate certain activities. For example, if they wish to establish a reliable warning system, people might use the tools in Table 5. It is easier for family members and professionals who assist them to verify unit performance for securing the home zone.

5.2. Budget Considerations

The idea of selecting an alarm system must always include the budget for the system. Studies of ethical burglars and home security professionals continue to convince us that the perception of vulnerability on the part of the potential offender is much more important than the alarm system itself. Therefore, while a budget should depend on the assets we want to protect or the harm that can be imposed, it is not always necessary to dedicate the highest amount of the budget to the alarm system. If implementing three of the five home hardening measures recommended by the National Sheriffs' Association exhibits a 77% reduced risk of incidence, any budget not set at this level is ineffective. Enhanced lighting, deadbolt locks and window security measures, and highly effective landscaping or natural surveillance measures may all reduce the targeted risk of incidence, and unlike an alarm system they do not require monitoring service fees or other associated costs.

Information for financial budgets is not readily ascertained, because additionally, an alarm system will require service fees for maintenance, possible repair, and else of the system. The alarm user, however, wants to avoid these fees of service as well as the costs of false alarms, avoiding police fees and disservice from local law enforcement agencies. Additionally, some systems that offer self-monitoring or choice of third-party monitoring entice the system with the free monitoring services. These services should be approached with caution, however, and disparities in the fine print of the user agreement between offerings should be considered and negotiated.

6. Installation and Maintenance

Installation: There is no right choice between a DIY burglar alarm and a professional installation. It depends on the person contemplating the job, how knowledgeable about security systems the person is, and the person's background. For instance, a fire protection company may train their employees in whatever systems they offer and can result in a more complicated and customized solution than a DIY system.

Maintenance: Effective and reliable home burglar alarm systems consist of sensors (e.g., contact, infrared, photo beam, microwave, ultrasonic, vibration, acoustics, capacitive, seismic), a control panel (in turn consisting of a keypad, CPU, memory, power supply, alarm transmitter, voice dialer, phone line hookups, and relays for response), and possible connection to an external monitoring center. Magnets can be used to bypass perimeter contacts, possibly easier than rolling codes needed to bypass IR motion detectors. Ultrasonic sensors are now being marketed for external activation. Since electronic sensors are used, some problems may develop quickly or over time and attention to the system is needed. If false alarms occur, it is very hard to determine the cause of a false alarm. False alarms need to be resolved by the user, but they may not know the root cause. All the databases dealing with false alarms are based on police reports, so the cause of a false alarm is not precisely known. Some homeowners pay a regular amount of money per month to service their system, believing that this will lessen the chance of problems. In virtually all of those cases, the homeowner only gets a monthly test of the phone line and possibly an occasional in-person service but does nothing himself/herself.

6.1. DIY vs. Professional Installation

DIY systems are especially popular because they can be set up without professional help and are generally more affordable. Nevertheless, professional burglar alarm installation is also common, as it saves time and offers greater installation security. This section will look at the differences between DIY and professional installation. Further discussion of the potential advantages, disadvantages, and suggested workflow for setting up DIY systems can be found in Section 4.

Professional installation:

- Directly saves time because the homeowner does not have to install the alarm themselves. This could be of some importance to people unwilling to take on the task—regardless of whether they have the time—due to, for instance, a lack of installation skill or confidence in the installation and/or the subsequent security of the alarm. - Another important feature of having the system installed professionally is the guarantee that it is installed securely. Often alarm companies will offer an insurance-approved installation based on certain accreditation, not to mention ensuring that when in use, the installation remains user-friendly.

DIY systems:

- Generally more affordable. - Some are able to take advantage of setting up DIY installations due to their design and the simplicity of the installation. For example, wire-free installations can be set up and activated within a single day without much planning due to their flexibility in positioning, particularly useful during the hectic process of moving to a new home.

6.2. Regular Maintenance and Troubleshooting

Surely enough, a home burglar alarm system needs regular maintenance and troubleshooting. It is common knowledge that a non-supervised installation does not guarantee the effectiveness in the event of a burglary and could frequently generate false alarms. For this reason, the owner ought to take the following steps:

- Keep operational the automatic protection devices. - Accurate testing of the alarm system and its individual components on a scheduled and irregular basis alike. - Periodically check the status of the devices/system via the control panel, control keyboard, or remotely by interception or logging into the communication channel.

Regular maintenance of all system devices and their spare parts with calibration or adjustment of all the functions, in addition to the replacement of any dry or discharged batteries. Lastly, preventive control of the system status should be performed if its main control unit is not supervised. The maintenance and inspection of the system should involve the general functionality of the burglar alarm system, e.g., tamper switches, anti-tampering features overall, transmission channels, warning signals (sirens, telephone dialing machine, flashing lamps, etc.) and also the general observation of how regularly the system goes into operation. The owner should keep a logbook or a similar alarm-series register wherein they can record the testing and preventive maintenance intervals and the various controls performed.

Mentioned above was a concise description of the measures to be taken in the ordinary maintenance of a "wired" alarm system. For "wireless" alarms, it is important to add the following: check of the wireless section, control of the frequency used (supervision of the same with special staplers, etc.), control of the tamper features of the same, frequency variation and supervision hereof, when provided. The troubleshooting of the alarm control system, specifically of a wired or wireless system, is placed on the shoulders of the owner, not the installer, who should be called only if the trouble persists, or if the fault proves to be an "electrical" one. The most common faults of a traditional alarm system (both wired and wireless) are: switchboard-powered siren in permanent noise, non-operational micro in the EMS, wires snapped or general sabotage of the same, and the tamper function of the control keyboard.

7. Integration with Smart Home Technology

Today, many burglary alarm systems are beginning to be integrated with smart home technology for what has been broadly referred to as joint or integrated services. Indeed, the potential for synergy between the two technologies is quite high. One of the most valuable attributes of smart home security is the ability to automatically initiate some action when an alarm occurs, and to provide control over this automation service. What distinguishes smart home security systems from traditional burglar alarm systems is their integration with smart, intelligent devices and sensors to support the objectives of home (personal) security using smart home automation.

Integrating burglar alarm systems with smart home devices and home automation systems, such as lighting systems, automatic window shades, etc., can yield a more powerful home security system by multiplying the number and types of sensors. Depending on financial and IT capabilities, with the aim of minimizing the risk of illegal entry, such intelligent devices can be combined with a wide range of standard internal and external sensors to develop an intelligent security dome that covers the entire periphery of the apartment or house. Devices of the same automation technology can also automate other electro drivers and systems, such as raising and lowering blinds, lighting, heating and cooling systems, and much more. As a result, one can control numerous electronic appliances and systems in the house in a time-efficient and energy-efficient manner. A standard problem of classic burglar alarm systems is the activation and deactivation of the system when entering and leaving the protected part of the house. This problem can be solved by using existing wireless handsfree keys, smartphones, ID cards or via the web server of the automation system.

8. Effectiveness and Benefits of Home Burglar Alarm Systems

Based on surveys from convicted burglars, approximately 94% of incarcerated intruders reported that they avoided occupied dwellings. Among these, 83% said that they specifically looked for the presence of an alarm system prior to attempting an entrance. The majority of respondents also disclosed that they would flee from a property as soon as the alarm was discovered. A fairly significant portion (27%) of respondents mentioned a special preference for homes with an audible alarm. Overall, one study found that burglar alarms deter crime, leading to a 31% reduction in burglaries, while another study observed a 23% reduction. Despite the difference, the data suggests that a deterrent effect does exist.

In addition to deterring crime, home burglary alarm systems can help save property owners money. Some property insurance providers offer discounts when insured individuals implement a burglar alarm meeting minimum UL standards, in addition to other protective measures, such as fire sprinklers. Criteria that may qualify home and commercial insurance policyholders for discounts or credits can be found in the National Insurance Crime Bureau Recommendations, a publication created for insurer reference. Discounts may be reflected on the "overall" and "burglar" lines on a policyholder's declaration page. However, it is important for users to keep in mind that the savings may not outweigh the financial burden of installing and maintaining an alarm system, depending on the age and condition of the property. Moreover, insurers can implement many strategies to provide financial incentives for homeowners to install a home security system. Given this, it can be difficult to determine the exact economic benefit of a homeowner installing a system.

8.1. Crime Prevention Statistics

Introduction: This paper presents the results of a study that investigated the occurrence of residential break-ins in relation to the presence of burglar alarm systems. The information obtained in the study is of particular interest because home alarm systems are almost exclusively operated by the domestic householder and require an investment and some continued engagement by those who operate them. The findings provide evidence that installing a home burglar alarm system in a domestic premise helps to deter would-be burglars and reduce the probability of a break-in.

8.2. Statistical analysis: The crime statistics were analyzed to look for any patterns. For comparison, it was decided to use the year 2016 and use the months prior to and after the installation of the system as the same time months to see if the system had any effect on residential break-ins. This document details our findings on the effect of installing a home burglar alarm system regarding the occurrence of a break-in. It investigates, statistically, using data obtained from a police force in Ireland, the impact on the occurrence of residential break-ins pre- and post-installation. At the end of the paper, we will also give a brief outline of the operation of a home burglar alarm system.

8.3. Conclusion: The conclusions show that the probability of a break-in and entering of a home in an urban area in County Cork where a home burglar alarm is installed is reduced by a factor of 5.68 when compared to a home with no alarm. In areas where a home burglar alarm is installed, there is a yearly reduction in break-ins by a factor of over 5. The conclusion was arrived at from the month in which the system was installed and utilized for the given year with further examination of crime statistics showing a continuation and further decrease in the year following.

8.2. Insurance Discounts

If you do some research, you will find that insurance company discounts range from 3% to 15% per insurance company and per policy. They are for everything from five years to an unlimited time frame. For whatever time you receive a discount, the average annual savings per annum when all discounts are taken into consideration is around 10%.

The reduction in the insurance premium ranges from 2% to 20% for each insurance company and for different policies. The discount and savings that a comprehensive study will find is between the 10 and 20 percentage range that is provided. It could be more if a discount is offered by multiple insurance companies for a long time, such as ten years. For insurance premium, 1% in New York on a $100,000 replacement and 1.5% on a $150,000 replacement cost. Possibly more insurance companies offer the same discount for a smaller time period, such as ten years. If you add the two average savings, it would amount to $2,600 on a $130,000 replacement cost home with an average 10% rate for discounts. The security alarm systems are providing an average of 38% to 39% higher annual savings than the fire system when a monitored fire system is present. One in ten home burglar alarm systems is monitored for fire alone, fire and burglary, and fire combined. There are 57% in the sample, and 74% report annually.

9. Legal and Ethical Considerations

Privacy and potentially discriminatory concerns are brought along with the installation of home burglar alarm systems. In order to avoid these risks and interference with owners' private freedom, the installation must be legal and its deployment needs to comply with approaches from regulatory entities. This would ensure that homeowners cannot be subjected to legal actions as side effects of the activities. Potential conflicts and differences between regulations and ethical considerations have also been observed.

The home blockade mechanism satisfies the overwhelming part of the ethical considerations. With reference to the responsibilities of the owner, they should install the blockade mechanism in any way they judge to be the most convenient: depending on their circumstances, installing it themselves or letting others do it. Unless not installing were to cause damage or unfair risk to others, the freedom of home blockade, from an ethical point of view, ultimately belongs to the person who can exert it because of the right of exclusive use.

In order to improve the effectiveness of the theft deterrent elements, technological development should direct resources towards the identification of goods rather than people, reducing the attractiveness of targets. The setup of home blockade tools should also comply with all regulations. Legal procedures for the installation can differ from country to country. Moreover, the Treaty of the European Union recognizes "the right of individuals to the protection of personal data concerning them," and member states have ratified several international conventions.

The presence of a home burglary alarm system and the data it conveys is considered residual to the identification of the members of the household. Data thus acquired is used to protect against burglaries, a risk that can cause property and moral damage. From an ethical standpoint, minimal additional guarantees in terms of formal compliance with the data protection law are moreover imposed. This set of guarantees acts on the evaluation of ethical acceptability and the conditions of use of technologies that enable the relevant data to be processed.

9.1. Privacy Concerns

To enhance security and detect misbehaviors in the residential environment, the technology of wireless home burglar alarm systems has evolved rapidly. Unfortunately, dealing with an attacker that is trying hard to simply avoid detection by an existing surveillance system can be very challenging. Intrusion detection research has mainly focused on flexible and effective alarms because any unsound decision can lead to potential financial loss and possible harm. Despite the majority of the alarming systems not addressing the ethical and legal implications, any alarming system deployed in the residential environment creates privacy concerns. Any prospective alarming mechanism must carefully balance the residents' interests and societal values against invasiveness and security.

Presently, the responsibility of securing residential environments is largely placed in the hands of the owners and renters. Traditionally, the burglar alarm system is a reliable and most commonly used security product that reduces the chances of intrusion and provides valuable time for the authorities to respond. The home burglar alarm systems are commonly deployed for commercial and industrial use. Primarily consisting of sensors and detectors, these systems can be installed on windows and secured doors and are connected to a central management unit. Safe zones are also created by PIR motion sensors for interior use and open/closed status switches to secure outdoor fences. When armed, these sensors are set and report the activities of the connected home automation system.

9.2. Regulations and Compliance

Currently, being safe is more important than ever because it is difficult to identify the exact time when the house will be broken into. Thus, an alarm system will be very helpful to prevent theft of things from your home. So, in terms of compliance and regulations, the first step here is aimed at understanding the policy and the applicable standards in this particular research.

To assist homeowners, property managers, and security professionals, the alarm industry has developed alarms and standards. The primary standard is to protect the installation of burglar alarms, which specifies the technical provisions for alarm systems from each other. SS2013 was developed to protect the installation of fire and intruder protection systems, units, and security services within the selection area.

Intrusion Detector Certification: The IDF Certification Program has been developed to recognize companies and agencies that provide qualified personnel to certify residential and small business installations. Although several major states and local governments have established laws by resolving false invoices through online registration, other states require an alarm verification process.

Burglar alarms are designed to detect and notify that someone has forced unauthorized access to theft. Emergency alarms are required by law when it comes to alarm equipment to monitor safety systems. While the NFPA (National Fire Protection Association) creates enterprise certifications, the International Association for Certified Home Inspectors (Inter-NACHI) certification is specific to domestic alarms. NFPA 72 provides the installation and maintenance criteria for the alert.

10. Future Trends and Innovations

The security industry seeks continuous development, whether in technology innovation or in the economic aspect that favors market competition. Therefore, let's look at the future trends and innovations that we expect to be adopted in the field of home burglar alarm systems. Nowadays, intelligent IoT devices form a smart home surrounding us. With respect to the home burglar alarm system, users can receive warnings when the sensors trigger the alarm. Moreover, the home burglar alarm systems nowadays have bridged each other with surveillance systems. During the surveillance systems, users can live-check the processes of an attempted home burglary if the system detects intruders. This proposed cluster-based radio-frequency system applies the Darbellay criterion in a two-stage analysis by benefiting the K-mean clusters and results in a feasible selection of candidate alarm threshold values appearing in the grouped system.

In the future, importance will be given to the prediction of potential criminals or occasions. Although malware widely exists, further research is needed on threats of home-based networks, IoT devices, and security mechanisms. In this way, we can anticipate the relevant issue and propose an up-to-date and more feasible technical solution that is suitable for next-generation home security systems. Furthermore, a large dataset aiming to provide more sophisticated, realistic, strange, and rare human activities for securing home environments is indispensable for the prediction and early warning of a home burglary. Moreover, these datasets can be utilized for studying security breaches regarding home-based IoT devices and other telecommunication systems.

Networks are directly applicable to adverse natural or man-originating environments and yet under the realm of civilian usage as well. These continuously autonomous sensors are widely applied in different fields while in areas of home alarm and due to their mass prevalence likely to be corrupted or hijacked. We are developing a sensor system based on inbuilt intelligence that gleans meaning from the stalwarts. This Hellenic approach awakens a new dawn of intelligent alarm whose insight is expected to grant peace of mind through more accurate and more renitent security grant.

11. Case Studies and Real-Life Examples

A 44-year-old female, who lives in a house with her two teenage children, and is single. She stated that she and her children are gone a lot of the time and that her ex-husband visits the house to help himself to money and valuables. She said that they have never arrived home while he is there, but he often leaves a mess in the house. He has never threatened them, but she is afraid of what he might do. There have been at least five unforced entries at the house within the last two years.

Burnsville police reported that one burglary occurred at the victim's house over the course of a month after the homeowner had a burglar alarm or a camera system installed in some of the houses in the neighborhood. One year afterward, no burglaries have been reported in the neighborhood. This difference is considered